14 Pleural Disease
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/Q2LihxF.jpg)
Pneumothorax
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/EowDZsb.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/WhONyJ5.jpg)
- rupture of lung tissue
- usually secondary to lung disease (damaged lung tissue)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/A5c6s5s.jpg)
- pleuritic: deep breath stretch pleura, pain
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/KuvXUdY.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/d5OGRuK.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/qu0MPRn.jpg)
- create gradient to allow N2 reabsorption from pleural space into capillary
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/Za7RwDI.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/iZphiLu.jpg)
- with inhale, air enter space. With exhale, flap shut and doesn't let air out
- spontaneous PTX: shrinking of the affected side, trachea shift towards side
- tension PTX: shift away
Pleural Effusion
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/hof66Mu.jpg)
- meniscus up top
- loss of black lung fields and loss of costophrenic angles
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/zKNJKNf.jpg)
Transudative
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/SxOQB0k.jpg)
- capillary membrane intact, keeps protein in
Exudative
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/eDAlZNY.jpg)
- leaky, plasma and protein leak out
- feared cause: malignancy. Tumors can cause capillaries to become leaky
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/IAKk9oC.jpg)
Lymphatic
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/UqcR2y1.jpg)
- thoracic duct drain lymphoid. If it's obstructed or can't drain, then effusion
- open heart surgery
Others
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/cE09QXm.jpg)
Mesothelioma
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/qRLYYwG.jpg)
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